Upside-Down Question and Exclamation Marks in Spanish

The upside-down or inverted question marks and exclamation points of Spanish are unique to the languages of Spain. But they make a lot of sense: When youre reading in Spanish, you can tell long before the end of a sentence whether youre dealing with a question, something that isnt always obvious when a sentence doesnt start with a question word such as quà © (what) or quià ©n (who).   Where To Place Upside-Down Question Marks The important thing to remember  is that the inverted question mark (or exclamation) goes at the beginning part of the question (or exclamation), not at the beginning of the sentence if the two are different. See these examples: Pablo,  ¿adà ³nde vas? (Pablo, where are you going?)Quiero saber,  ¿cuà ¡ndo es tu cumpleaà ±os?  (I want to know, when is your birthday?)Estoy cansado,  ¿y tà º? (Im tired, are you?)Eso,  ¿es verdad? (That, is it true?)Sin embargo,  ¡tengo frà ­o! (Nevertheless, Im cold!)Pues,  ¡llegà ³ la hora! (Well, its about time!) Note that the question or exclamation part does not begin with a capitalized letter unless its a word that would normally be capitalized, such as a persons name. Note also that if words not part of the question come after the question, then the closing question mark still comes at the end:  ¿Adà ³nde vas, Pablo?  (Where are you going, Pablo?)Pablo,  ¿adà ³nde vas, mi amigo?  (Pablo, where are you going, my friend?) ¡Eres la mejor, Angelina! (Youre the best, Angelina!) Although it is common to treat the inverted punctuation as optional in informal contexts, such as on social media, it is mandatory in standard written Spanish. Question and Exclamation Marks Can Be Combined If a sentence is a question and an exclamation at the same time, something for which the English language has no good written equivalent, it is possible to combine the question and exclamation marks. One way is to place the inverted question mark at the beginning of the sentence and the standard exclamation mark at the end or vice versa. More common, and the preference of the Royal Spanish Academy, is to place the punctuation marks next to each other as in the third and fourth examples below:  ¿Cà ³mo lo hace! (How does she do it? To translate the Spanish well, this might be said in an incredulous tone. An alternate translation might be I dont see how she does it!) ¡Me quieres? (You love me? The punctuation may indicate a lack of belief in what is being responded to.) ¡Ã‚ ¿Quà © veste?! (What are you seeing? The tone of voice may suggest What in the world do you see?) ¿Ã‚ ¡Quà © està ¡s diciendo!? (What are you saying? The tone of voice may indicate disbelief.) To indicate an extremely strong exclamation, it is acceptable, unlike in standard English, to use two or three exclamation points but not more:  ¡Ã‚ ¡Ã‚ ¡Idiota!!! (Idiot!)Es imposible.  ¡Ã‚ ¡Ã‚ ¡No lo creo.!!! (Its impossible. I cant believe it!) Word Order in Questions Most questions begin with an  interrogative pronoun  such as  quà ©Ã‚  or an interrogative adverb such as  cà ³mo. In nearly all such cases, the opening question word is followed by the verb and then the subject, which will be a noun or pronoun. Of course, it is common to omit the subject if it isnt needed for clarity.  ¿Dà ³nde jugarà ­an los nià ±os? (Where would the children play? Dà ³nde is the interrogative adverb, jugarà ­an is the verb, and the subject is nià ±os.) ¿Quà © significa tu nombre? (What does your name mean?) ¿Cà ³mo comen los insectos? (How do insects eat?) If the verb has an direct object and the subject is not stated, the object typically comes before the verb if it would in the equivalent English sentence:  ¿Cuà ¡ntos insectos comià ³ la araà ±a? (How many insects did the spider eat? Insectos is the direct object of comià ³.) ¿Quà © tipo de celular prefieres? (Which type of cellphone do you prefer? Tipo de celular is the direct object of prefieres.) ¿Dà ³nde venden ropa guatemalteca? (Where do they sell Guatemalan clothing. Ropa guatemalteca is the direct object of venden.) If the question has a stated subject and an object, it is common to use a verb-object-subject word order if the object is shorter than the subject and a verb-subject-object order if the subject is shorter. If theyre of similar length, either order is acceptable.  ¿Dà ³nde venden ropa los mejores diseà ±adores de moda? (Do the best fashion designers sell clothing? The subject, los mejores diseà ±adores de moda, is much longer than the object, ropa.) ¿Dà ³nde compran los estudiantes los libros de quà ­mica farmacà ©utica? (Where do the students buy the pharmaceutical chemistry books? The subject, los estudiantes, is shorter than the object, los libros de quà ­mica farmacà ©utica.) Key Takeaways Spanish uses inverted question and exclamation marks to begin and end questions and exclamations, respectively.If a sentence has an introductory phrase or word that is not part of the question or exclamation, the opening mark comes at the beginning of the question or exclamation.Question and exclamation marks can be combined for exclamatory questions or exclamations that take the form of a question.

The Mindset Of Shakespeare s Hamlet And Ophelia - 1904 Words

Psychological Disorders in Hamlet and Ophelia Skyler D. Bratt AP English IV Mrs. Guinn Abstract The mindset of Shakespeare’s complex characters has been a controversial topic for centuries. Some have the belief that Hamlet suffered nothing more than the typical case of melancholy. However, continued educated research and dissection of his work dictates that he would possibly be diagnosed with, what is now known as, Bipolar Disorder. Textual evidence also tells us that Ophelia demonstrates symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Was it fate that determined their misfortunate outcome? It seems as if determinism, played a critical role in their situations, however, their choices seemingly dictate their eventual conclusion. Keywords:†¦show more content†¦Unlike normal or common mood swings, the mood changes of bipolar disorder are so intense that they interfere with one’s ability to function properly (Smith). Fluctuations between episodes of major depression and episodes of mania are typical for someone with Bipolar disorder. When Bipolar disorder is left untreated it can lead to psychotic episodes, often including visual or auditory hallucinations. Manic episodes can occur following psychosocial and physical stressors (American). Researchers are still unsure what specifically causes Bipolar disorder, but it in many cases it can be linked to personal family history. The first manic or depressive episode of bipolar disorder normally occurs in a person’s teenage youth or early twenties. The symptoms can be subtle and not easy to understand. Due to the confusing emotions that come with pubescence, many people with bipolar disorder are overlooked or misdiagnosed—resulting in unnecessary suffering. (Helpguide.com) The treatment of Bipolar disorder has shown to require long-term treatment. 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A Shakespearian Maxiam free essay sample

In acting, the one thing that your character wants in a scene is called your super objective. It’s a verb, a concrete and primitive statement. : â€Å"I want respect† â€Å"I want love† â€Å" etc. To obtain this super objective, you the actor may go through several different hows, or tactics. You want respect? How will you get it? Try and intimidate them? Oh, wait, that doesn’t work. Hmm, maybe now you’ll establish your ethos for them to take notice of, so they will have no choice. That doesn’t work? Try something else. The actors in the scene are all being driven by these intense desires. When I was working on a scene from Edward Albees A Delicate Balance in my acting class., the scene was falling flat even though I was playing my intentions. My acting teacher came over to my exasperated scene partner and I, and said â€Å"Raise the stakes. We will write a custom essay sample on A Shakespearian Maxiam or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † That’s when I learned my lesson in acting: it’s not good enough just to prefer that you get your super objective, you have to want it with a blazen passion, so intense that you will be forever changed if you don’t get it. That is what makes a scene dynamic and resonant. William Shakesphere said: â€Å"All the world’s a stage.† I didn’t fully understand this sentiment as any thing more than theatrefolk jargon before I came to high school and immersed myself in the true craft of acting, rather than just reading lines on a page. But now that I have a wider perspective on acting and life, I see how the two are mercilessly intertwined. The world is billions of characters all making crucial decisions to get the thing they truly want. I have applied these acting techniques to my own life; if there is something I want, I will try a hundred different tactics in order to get it. Just as I learned that a scene will fall flat if you don’t raise the stakes, I have learned that this is crucial in life as well. The person who wants something the most in a scene will work the hardest to get it, come out victorious. I have realized that this is the same way in life as well: I keep the stake high in everything I do always resolving to come out victorious. I want admission to college? Study and work diligently and manage my time. Hopefully, this is the tactic that works. But, if it isn’t, I will throw myself into another how with the same intensity and fervor, fully aware that I will be forever changed if I don’t give everything in the process my all. I have grown to approach life with a well-crafted character’s passion and conscious choices of a trained actor. I can also understand the choices of others- where they come from, what other people are attempting to get, etc. I promise that at your university I will bring this approach to life to everything I do: schoolwork, relationships, and yes, acting. After all, all the world’s a stage.

The French Indian War free essay sample

The Colonists rejected British rule in three ways; the first way was the protest against British troops in the Colonies. When the French Indian War ended in 1763, Great Britain was in major debt, one hundred and forty million pounds worth; to try and pay for this debt Parliament decided to implement a small tax in the North American Colonies, as half that debt was acquired paying to protect the Colonies, and Parliament felt it only fair that the Americans shouldered one third of the bill.Even though the tax was thirty times less than the tax paid in Great Britain, Americans were outraged. This outrage led to a, sometimes violent, protest against the taxes room Great Britain; the Sons of Liberty were a group that allegedly tarred and feathered the government officials that were going to enforce the Stamp Act. The Colonists reaction Is clearly shown In Benjamin Franklins letter to John Hugs, from London to Pennsylvania, August 9th, 1765. We will write a custom essay sample on The French Indian War or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In this letter, Benjamin Franklin says, As to the Stamp Act, thou we purpose [propose] doing our Endeavor to get it repealed in which I am sure you would conquer with us, yet the Success is uncertain. If it continues, your undertaking to execute it may make you unpopular for a Time The second way that the Colonists ignored British rule had nothing to do with taxes. The Proclamation of 1763 prohibited the American Colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains, or it tried to. In a speech from Accentuates, Chief of the Onondaga Nation of the Iroquois Confederacy to the representatives of Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia, Accentuates says, We know our lands are becoming more valuable Your People dally settle on these Lands, and spoil our Hunting. We must Insist on your Removing them. The Colonists were settling over the Appalachians spite Britains law. The proclamation of 1763 was not only to keep good relations with the Native Americans as was the official reason for passing it, as a matter of fact the British did not want the Colonists to move west and procreate unchecked. The British thought that if the Americans got a bigger population than it would throw more fuel into the fire of rebellion. The third and final reason that the American Colonists began to reject English rule was because the French no longer occupied any land in North America, as seen in a comparison of maps of North America before 754 and North America after 1763. There was no threat from the French anymore and the Americans felt that since they no longer needed protecting, the presence of the English army in the Colonies was unnecessary.Overall, American Colonists Just did not see the need for the British to rule them. The economy of both Great Britain and the American Colonies major played Into their relationship after the French Indian War. Conflict ensued when the Colonists were expected to pay taxes for their portion of the debt from the French Indian ouch a small tax, they were not completely crazy for throwing a tantrum, while the British were taxing them they also were impe ding on the Colonists trade.The English were saturated with American goods, they could not buy any more American products and instead of trying to solve the problem by allowing the initiation of trade with other countries to replace the income the Colonists normally received from Britain, Britain refused to allow the Colonies to trade with anyone but them. Great Britain only allowed trade with other countries through them, the Colonists ships had o pass through London and give a sizeable cut of their profit to the British merchants.The economic status of the time was best expressed through the eyes of the Colonists in a Pennsylvania Journal masthead in October 1765, which said The times are dreadful, doleful, dismal, dolorous, and dollar-less. The British economy was in a similar state, as well as being millions in debt and paying much higher taxes than in the colonies, the Colonists began to boycott English goods and refused to pay taxes in protest of the Stamp Act. In a British Order in Council in 1763, the British unfrosted the Colonists on their smuggling, they said, Avian taken into consideration the present state of the duties of the customs imposed on your majestys subjects in America and the West Indies, we find that the revenue arising therefore is very small and inconsiderable And is not yet sufficient to defray a fourth p art of the expense necessary for collecting it. .. Also contributing to the economic problems of America, were the Native Americans wanting more for their land, and the problem for Great Britain was that the Stamp Act was getting repealed, asking away the income from that tax.All these factors contributed to economic stress on both sides After the French Indian War, the Colonists loyalties to Great Britain began to break; this is because the Colonists began to feel like their Rights as Englishmen were being threatened. All the actions of the Colonists pointed out in this essay previous to this point have emphasized that the American Colonists did not like to be controlled by Great Britain; part of the reason they did not like their relationship with Britain was based on personal experience with their fellow Englishmen.In a Massachusetts soldiers diary from 1759, one can see how the British treated the Americans. [30 September 1759] Cold weather. [We] hear a great talk of things uncertain and thus time spends away and so we spend our day Cold weather is coming on apace, which will make us look round about us and put [on] our winter clothing, and we shall stand in need of good liquors for to keep our spirits on cold winters days. And we, being here within stone walls, are not likely to get liquors or loathes at this time of the year; and although we be Englishmen born, we are debarred Englishmen liberty.Therefore we now see what it is to be under martial law and to be with the regulars who are but little better than slaves to their officers. And when I get out of their [power] I shall take care of how I get in again. . . As seen in this diary, the American soldiers are But little better than slaves.. . This was a crime to the Colonists. Throughout all the protests and the separation of Great Britain and the Colonies, Britain still had its supporters. Right after the war ended in 1763, Rev.Thomas Bernard from Massachusetts praised Britain, Auspicious Day! When Britain, the special Care of Heaven, blessed with a patriot-sovereign, served by but, even as the Reverend praised Great Britain for their support in the war, he simultaneously told the people Now commences the Era of our quiet Enjoyment of those Liberties which our Fathers purchased with the Toil of their whole Lives, their Treasure, their Blood This Just points out how the Americans Rights as Englishmen were extremely valued and expected.The Colonists expected their Liberty; it was a fundamental human right. So when their rights were threatened, the Colonists protested vigorously. On the Pennsylvania Journal masthead from October 1765, Adieu Adieu to LIBERTY is printed on the side. The threat of the loss of their rights was the most important cause for a change in the relationship between the American Colonies and Great Britain. Put all the pieces together and it is obvious that the French Indian War was the main cause of the change in relationship between Great Britain and Her colonies.The war created the need for the taxation of the Colonies, the America