Upside-Down Question and Exclamation Marks in Spanish

The upside-down or inverted question marks and exclamation points of Spanish are unique to the languages of Spain. But they make a lot of sense: When youre reading in Spanish, you can tell long before the end of a sentence whether youre dealing with a question, something that isnt always obvious when a sentence doesnt start with a question word such as quà © (what) or quià ©n (who).   Where To Place Upside-Down Question Marks The important thing to remember  is that the inverted question mark (or exclamation) goes at the beginning part of the question (or exclamation), not at the beginning of the sentence if the two are different. See these examples: Pablo,  ¿adà ³nde vas? (Pablo, where are you going?)Quiero saber,  ¿cuà ¡ndo es tu cumpleaà ±os?  (I want to know, when is your birthday?)Estoy cansado,  ¿y tà º? (Im tired, are you?)Eso,  ¿es verdad? (That, is it true?)Sin embargo,  ¡tengo frà ­o! (Nevertheless, Im cold!)Pues,  ¡llegà ³ la hora! (Well, its about time!) Note that the question or exclamation part does not begin with a capitalized letter unless its a word that would normally be capitalized, such as a persons name. Note also that if words not part of the question come after the question, then the closing question mark still comes at the end:  ¿Adà ³nde vas, Pablo?  (Where are you going, Pablo?)Pablo,  ¿adà ³nde vas, mi amigo?  (Pablo, where are you going, my friend?) ¡Eres la mejor, Angelina! (Youre the best, Angelina!) Although it is common to treat the inverted punctuation as optional in informal contexts, such as on social media, it is mandatory in standard written Spanish. Question and Exclamation Marks Can Be Combined If a sentence is a question and an exclamation at the same time, something for which the English language has no good written equivalent, it is possible to combine the question and exclamation marks. One way is to place the inverted question mark at the beginning of the sentence and the standard exclamation mark at the end or vice versa. More common, and the preference of the Royal Spanish Academy, is to place the punctuation marks next to each other as in the third and fourth examples below:  ¿Cà ³mo lo hace! (How does she do it? To translate the Spanish well, this might be said in an incredulous tone. An alternate translation might be I dont see how she does it!) ¡Me quieres? (You love me? The punctuation may indicate a lack of belief in what is being responded to.) ¡Ã‚ ¿Quà © veste?! (What are you seeing? The tone of voice may suggest What in the world do you see?) ¿Ã‚ ¡Quà © està ¡s diciendo!? (What are you saying? The tone of voice may indicate disbelief.) To indicate an extremely strong exclamation, it is acceptable, unlike in standard English, to use two or three exclamation points but not more:  ¡Ã‚ ¡Ã‚ ¡Idiota!!! (Idiot!)Es imposible.  ¡Ã‚ ¡Ã‚ ¡No lo creo.!!! (Its impossible. I cant believe it!) Word Order in Questions Most questions begin with an  interrogative pronoun  such as  quà ©Ã‚  or an interrogative adverb such as  cà ³mo. In nearly all such cases, the opening question word is followed by the verb and then the subject, which will be a noun or pronoun. Of course, it is common to omit the subject if it isnt needed for clarity.  ¿Dà ³nde jugarà ­an los nià ±os? (Where would the children play? Dà ³nde is the interrogative adverb, jugarà ­an is the verb, and the subject is nià ±os.) ¿Quà © significa tu nombre? (What does your name mean?) ¿Cà ³mo comen los insectos? (How do insects eat?) If the verb has an direct object and the subject is not stated, the object typically comes before the verb if it would in the equivalent English sentence:  ¿Cuà ¡ntos insectos comià ³ la araà ±a? (How many insects did the spider eat? Insectos is the direct object of comià ³.) ¿Quà © tipo de celular prefieres? (Which type of cellphone do you prefer? Tipo de celular is the direct object of prefieres.) ¿Dà ³nde venden ropa guatemalteca? (Where do they sell Guatemalan clothing. Ropa guatemalteca is the direct object of venden.) If the question has a stated subject and an object, it is common to use a verb-object-subject word order if the object is shorter than the subject and a verb-subject-object order if the subject is shorter. If theyre of similar length, either order is acceptable.  ¿Dà ³nde venden ropa los mejores diseà ±adores de moda? (Do the best fashion designers sell clothing? The subject, los mejores diseà ±adores de moda, is much longer than the object, ropa.) ¿Dà ³nde compran los estudiantes los libros de quà ­mica farmacà ©utica? (Where do the students buy the pharmaceutical chemistry books? The subject, los estudiantes, is shorter than the object, los libros de quà ­mica farmacà ©utica.) Key Takeaways Spanish uses inverted question and exclamation marks to begin and end questions and exclamations, respectively.If a sentence has an introductory phrase or word that is not part of the question or exclamation, the opening mark comes at the beginning of the question or exclamation.Question and exclamation marks can be combined for exclamatory questions or exclamations that take the form of a question.

The Mindset Of Shakespeare s Hamlet And Ophelia - 1904 Words

Psychological Disorders in Hamlet and Ophelia Skyler D. Bratt AP English IV Mrs. Guinn Abstract The mindset of Shakespeare’s complex characters has been a controversial topic for centuries. Some have the belief that Hamlet suffered nothing more than the typical case of melancholy. However, continued educated research and dissection of his work dictates that he would possibly be diagnosed with, what is now known as, Bipolar Disorder. Textual evidence also tells us that Ophelia demonstrates symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Was it fate that determined their misfortunate outcome? It seems as if determinism, played a critical role in their situations, however, their choices seemingly dictate their eventual conclusion. Keywords:†¦show more content†¦Unlike normal or common mood swings, the mood changes of bipolar disorder are so intense that they interfere with one’s ability to function properly (Smith). Fluctuations between episodes of major depression and episodes of mania are typical for someone with Bipolar disorder. When Bipolar disorder is left untreated it can lead to psychotic episodes, often including visual or auditory hallucinations. Manic episodes can occur following psychosocial and physical stressors (American). Researchers are still unsure what specifically causes Bipolar disorder, but it in many cases it can be linked to personal family history. The first manic or depressive episode of bipolar disorder normally occurs in a person’s teenage youth or early twenties. The symptoms can be subtle and not easy to understand. Due to the confusing emotions that come with pubescence, many people with bipolar disorder are overlooked or misdiagnosed—resulting in unnecessary suffering. (Helpguide.com) The treatment of Bipolar disorder has shown to require long-term treatment. 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A Shakespearian Maxiam free essay sample

In acting, the one thing that your character wants in a scene is called your super objective. It’s a verb, a concrete and primitive statement. : â€Å"I want respect† â€Å"I want love† â€Å" etc. To obtain this super objective, you the actor may go through several different hows, or tactics. You want respect? How will you get it? Try and intimidate them? Oh, wait, that doesn’t work. Hmm, maybe now you’ll establish your ethos for them to take notice of, so they will have no choice. That doesn’t work? Try something else. The actors in the scene are all being driven by these intense desires. When I was working on a scene from Edward Albees A Delicate Balance in my acting class., the scene was falling flat even though I was playing my intentions. My acting teacher came over to my exasperated scene partner and I, and said â€Å"Raise the stakes. We will write a custom essay sample on A Shakespearian Maxiam or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † That’s when I learned my lesson in acting: it’s not good enough just to prefer that you get your super objective, you have to want it with a blazen passion, so intense that you will be forever changed if you don’t get it. That is what makes a scene dynamic and resonant. William Shakesphere said: â€Å"All the world’s a stage.† I didn’t fully understand this sentiment as any thing more than theatrefolk jargon before I came to high school and immersed myself in the true craft of acting, rather than just reading lines on a page. But now that I have a wider perspective on acting and life, I see how the two are mercilessly intertwined. The world is billions of characters all making crucial decisions to get the thing they truly want. I have applied these acting techniques to my own life; if there is something I want, I will try a hundred different tactics in order to get it. Just as I learned that a scene will fall flat if you don’t raise the stakes, I have learned that this is crucial in life as well. The person who wants something the most in a scene will work the hardest to get it, come out victorious. I have realized that this is the same way in life as well: I keep the stake high in everything I do always resolving to come out victorious. I want admission to college? Study and work diligently and manage my time. Hopefully, this is the tactic that works. But, if it isn’t, I will throw myself into another how with the same intensity and fervor, fully aware that I will be forever changed if I don’t give everything in the process my all. I have grown to approach life with a well-crafted character’s passion and conscious choices of a trained actor. I can also understand the choices of others- where they come from, what other people are attempting to get, etc. I promise that at your university I will bring this approach to life to everything I do: schoolwork, relationships, and yes, acting. After all, all the world’s a stage.

The French Indian War free essay sample

The Colonists rejected British rule in three ways; the first way was the protest against British troops in the Colonies. When the French Indian War ended in 1763, Great Britain was in major debt, one hundred and forty million pounds worth; to try and pay for this debt Parliament decided to implement a small tax in the North American Colonies, as half that debt was acquired paying to protect the Colonies, and Parliament felt it only fair that the Americans shouldered one third of the bill.Even though the tax was thirty times less than the tax paid in Great Britain, Americans were outraged. This outrage led to a, sometimes violent, protest against the taxes room Great Britain; the Sons of Liberty were a group that allegedly tarred and feathered the government officials that were going to enforce the Stamp Act. The Colonists reaction Is clearly shown In Benjamin Franklins letter to John Hugs, from London to Pennsylvania, August 9th, 1765. We will write a custom essay sample on The French Indian War or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In this letter, Benjamin Franklin says, As to the Stamp Act, thou we purpose [propose] doing our Endeavor to get it repealed in which I am sure you would conquer with us, yet the Success is uncertain. If it continues, your undertaking to execute it may make you unpopular for a Time The second way that the Colonists ignored British rule had nothing to do with taxes. The Proclamation of 1763 prohibited the American Colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains, or it tried to. In a speech from Accentuates, Chief of the Onondaga Nation of the Iroquois Confederacy to the representatives of Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia, Accentuates says, We know our lands are becoming more valuable Your People dally settle on these Lands, and spoil our Hunting. We must Insist on your Removing them. The Colonists were settling over the Appalachians spite Britains law. The proclamation of 1763 was not only to keep good relations with the Native Americans as was the official reason for passing it, as a matter of fact the British did not want the Colonists to move west and procreate unchecked. The British thought that if the Americans got a bigger population than it would throw more fuel into the fire of rebellion. The third and final reason that the American Colonists began to reject English rule was because the French no longer occupied any land in North America, as seen in a comparison of maps of North America before 754 and North America after 1763. There was no threat from the French anymore and the Americans felt that since they no longer needed protecting, the presence of the English army in the Colonies was unnecessary.Overall, American Colonists Just did not see the need for the British to rule them. The economy of both Great Britain and the American Colonies major played Into their relationship after the French Indian War. Conflict ensued when the Colonists were expected to pay taxes for their portion of the debt from the French Indian ouch a small tax, they were not completely crazy for throwing a tantrum, while the British were taxing them they also were impe ding on the Colonists trade.The English were saturated with American goods, they could not buy any more American products and instead of trying to solve the problem by allowing the initiation of trade with other countries to replace the income the Colonists normally received from Britain, Britain refused to allow the Colonies to trade with anyone but them. Great Britain only allowed trade with other countries through them, the Colonists ships had o pass through London and give a sizeable cut of their profit to the British merchants.The economic status of the time was best expressed through the eyes of the Colonists in a Pennsylvania Journal masthead in October 1765, which said The times are dreadful, doleful, dismal, dolorous, and dollar-less. The British economy was in a similar state, as well as being millions in debt and paying much higher taxes than in the colonies, the Colonists began to boycott English goods and refused to pay taxes in protest of the Stamp Act. In a British Order in Council in 1763, the British unfrosted the Colonists on their smuggling, they said, Avian taken into consideration the present state of the duties of the customs imposed on your majestys subjects in America and the West Indies, we find that the revenue arising therefore is very small and inconsiderable And is not yet sufficient to defray a fourth p art of the expense necessary for collecting it. .. Also contributing to the economic problems of America, were the Native Americans wanting more for their land, and the problem for Great Britain was that the Stamp Act was getting repealed, asking away the income from that tax.All these factors contributed to economic stress on both sides After the French Indian War, the Colonists loyalties to Great Britain began to break; this is because the Colonists began to feel like their Rights as Englishmen were being threatened. All the actions of the Colonists pointed out in this essay previous to this point have emphasized that the American Colonists did not like to be controlled by Great Britain; part of the reason they did not like their relationship with Britain was based on personal experience with their fellow Englishmen.In a Massachusetts soldiers diary from 1759, one can see how the British treated the Americans. [30 September 1759] Cold weather. [We] hear a great talk of things uncertain and thus time spends away and so we spend our day Cold weather is coming on apace, which will make us look round about us and put [on] our winter clothing, and we shall stand in need of good liquors for to keep our spirits on cold winters days. And we, being here within stone walls, are not likely to get liquors or loathes at this time of the year; and although we be Englishmen born, we are debarred Englishmen liberty.Therefore we now see what it is to be under martial law and to be with the regulars who are but little better than slaves to their officers. And when I get out of their [power] I shall take care of how I get in again. . . As seen in this diary, the American soldiers are But little better than slaves.. . This was a crime to the Colonists. Throughout all the protests and the separation of Great Britain and the Colonies, Britain still had its supporters. Right after the war ended in 1763, Rev.Thomas Bernard from Massachusetts praised Britain, Auspicious Day! When Britain, the special Care of Heaven, blessed with a patriot-sovereign, served by but, even as the Reverend praised Great Britain for their support in the war, he simultaneously told the people Now commences the Era of our quiet Enjoyment of those Liberties which our Fathers purchased with the Toil of their whole Lives, their Treasure, their Blood This Just points out how the Americans Rights as Englishmen were extremely valued and expected.The Colonists expected their Liberty; it was a fundamental human right. So when their rights were threatened, the Colonists protested vigorously. On the Pennsylvania Journal masthead from October 1765, Adieu Adieu to LIBERTY is printed on the side. The threat of the loss of their rights was the most important cause for a change in the relationship between the American Colonies and Great Britain. Put all the pieces together and it is obvious that the French Indian War was the main cause of the change in relationship between Great Britain and Her colonies.The war created the need for the taxation of the Colonies, the America

Bullfighting Essays - Blood Sports, Animal Killing, Animal Welfare

Bullfighting Bullfighting is a tradition, art and athletic sport combined in one. Bullfighting originated in the classical world. The first bullfights supposedly took place in Knossos, Greece, "a contest of some sort is depicted in a wall painting unearthed... dating from about 2000 BC. It shows male and female acrobats confronting a bull, grabbing its horns as it charges, and vaulting over its back." (Encarta) Bullfights stayed popular after the Greek era had declined, in Rome. The spectacle of bullfighting during this time period was scarcely an art form but pure sport. It was not until the Moors of North Africa conquered the Visigoths of Europe in 711 AD that bullfighting started to evolve into an art. The Moors would ride skilled horses on feast days on which they killed the bulls. During this time period, when the Moors were redefining bullfighting, there were those bullfighters that rode horses and killed the bulls but there were also those men who stood on the ground with capes. The men that wielded the capes aided the horsemen in how the bull was positioned during the fight. These men began to draw most of the attention from the crowd due to their expertise and craftsmanship with their capes; these men eventually became the matadors of 2 today. With this development, a corrida de toros ("the running of the bulls") began to take the shape in which it is seen today as modern bullfighting. In 1726 Francisco Romero of Ronda, Spain fit the last piece into the bullfighting puzzle when he introduced the estoque (the sword) and the: "The muleta [bullfighting cape]... a Spanish cloak, and you can even see it being worn at times, if rain falls, by fighters off duty... It is nowadays made of two thicknesses of heavy silk, the outside being blotting-paper pink and the inside generally yellow. It is very strong." (Machnad 58) The modern sport of bullfighting is strictly an art form, having evolved from its origin in ancient Greece and firmly taken its roots mostly in Spanish speaking countries. Bulls used for bullfighting are a special breed of animal and their lives and breeding reflect that fact: "This Spanish fighting bull is a long way removed from the Hereford or the Jersey, or even the Texas longhorn. You can let cattle run loose on the open range for generations until they are complete ?outlaws', but they will never turn into what the 3 Spanish call toros bravos or fighting bulls. The reason is that the race is different." (Machnad 5) There are two races of cattle native to Spain, one domestic and the other wild. The domestic animals came over by land from Asia and were already domesticated by the Celts. The other race came by sea from Northern Africa and was being thoroughbred in ancient Egypt at that time. These latter animals were only barely domesticated and began to roam the Spanish mountainsides wild. This fighting bull is called Bos Taurus Africanus. This bull is a descendant of Bos Primigenius or the Primordial Bull. Some of these Primordial Bulls survived in herds in the German forests and were hunted by men such as Julius Caesar who said, "In size they are a little less than elephants; in species, colour and shape, they are bulls." (Machnad 5) Most bulls that enter the ring with the bullfighter are at least four years old, one year older than those bulls in the slaughterhouse. In the eyes of the spectator, the last twenty minutes of the bull's life are what matters. The fighting bull lives the life of peace in nature until it is time for the fight, having the best pastures and rations of food than that of its cousins, the domesticated cow. Calves are born in the winter and suckled by the mother until just after the second summer of the calf's life. At this point the calf is separated from the mother and branded shortly thereafter. When the calves reach a certain age they are put through a rigorous bravery test. This test, called a tienta, consists of most 4 everything in an actual bullfight minus the banderillos and the kill. Experts determine which calves will become fighting bulls by grading "the animal's attitude, style, speed, smoothness, nervousness or calmness, nobility and mode of going for the cloth lures," (Machnad 41) After the bull has matured he is put into a traveling box and taken to his final destination. The unboxing of the bulls is a very tense moment for all involved because the bulls

Free Essays on Genetics

Genetic counselors are health professionals with specialized graduate degrees and experience in the areas of medical genetics and counseling. Most enter the field from a variety of disciplines, including biology, genetics, nursing, psychology, public health and social work. Genetic counselors work as members of a healthcare team, providing information and support to families who have members with birth defects or genetic disorders and to families who may be at risk for a variety of inherited conditions. They identify families at risk, investigate the problem present in the family, interpret information about the disorder, analyze inheritance patterns and risks of recurrence, and review available options with the family. Genetic counselors also provide supportive counseling to families, serve as patient advocates, and refer individuals and families to community or state support services. They serve as educators and resource people for other healthcare professionals and for the general public. Some counselors also work in administrative capacities. Many engage in research activities related to the field of medical genetics and genetic counseling.... Free Essays on Genetics Free Essays on Genetics Genetic counselors are health professionals with specialized graduate degrees and experience in the areas of medical genetics and counseling. Most enter the field from a variety of disciplines, including biology, genetics, nursing, psychology, public health and social work. Genetic counselors work as members of a healthcare team, providing information and support to families who have members with birth defects or genetic disorders and to families who may be at risk for a variety of inherited conditions. They identify families at risk, investigate the problem present in the family, interpret information about the disorder, analyze inheritance patterns and risks of recurrence, and review available options with the family. Genetic counselors also provide supportive counseling to families, serve as patient advocates, and refer individuals and families to community or state support services. They serve as educators and resource people for other healthcare professionals and for the general public. Some counselors also work in administrative capacities. Many engage in research activities related to the field of medical genetics and genetic counseling....

What is Philosophy. How would you explain this to someone who hasn't Essay

What is Philosophy. How would you explain this to someone who hasn't studied it - Essay Example many strategies for breaking through the delusions and self-deceptions that keep us human beings from seeing things as they really are.† (What is Philosophy?). Thus philosophy can be regarded as an enquiry into the facts relating to human life, knowledge and values. It helps humans to analyze the meaning of various concepts about life as also to understand the relationship between theories. Philosophy provides them relevant insight to evaluate the arguments and determine their validity or expose their fallacy. Philosophy is distinct from other branches of studies in humanities both because of its subject matter and methodology. Though arts and literature also deal with the fundamental problems of human life, they are not necessarily based on critical reasoning. On the other hand, science relies heavily on observations and experiments for critical reasoning of theories. Philosophy is, therefore, more comparable to mathematic and logic; but encompasses a wider range of generic topics like religion, morality, culture, tradition and values. â€Å"The topics that philosophy addresses fall into several distinct fields. Among those fundamental concerns are: A major difference between philosophy and other branches of learning is that philosophy leans more towards the spiritual aspects of life, as can be evidenced in the words of Socrates, â€Å"Men of Athens, I honor and love you; but I shall obey God rather than you, and while I have life and strength I shall never cease from the practice and teaching of philosophy, exhorting any one whom I meet after my manner, and convincing him, saying: O my friend, why do you, who are a citizen of the great and mighty and wise city of Athens, care so much about laying up the greatest amount of money and honor and reputation, and so little about wisdom and truth and the greatest improvement of the soul, which you never regard or heed at all?.† Obviously, great teachers like Socrates have considered philosophy as the pursuit of wisdom

The Dynamics of Business Ethics Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Dynamics of Business Ethics - Article Example The fine was imposed by the Financial Reporting Council (FRC) and is considered as one of the largest fine imposed in accounting history (Rankin, 2013). RELEVANCE: How does this relate to the class materials? A large amount of fine was imposed on Deloitte because it failed to adhere to the accounting policies and breached ethical accounting standards when it had advised the above-mentioned companies for a merger, which led to the catastrophic outcome (Leake, 2013). REFLECTION: What are my thoughts and opinions regarding this article or report? As per my opinion, the management not only failed to identify potential conflicts but also failed to adhere to the ethical corporate standards. UNIT Article 2: ( Marta Steeman, 27 June 2013, 8000 painters under Ecan scrutiny, Source: Business Day). DESCRIPTION: In June 2013, the management of Environment Canterbury (ECan) imposed restrictions on the paintings of 8000 painters in Christchurch (Steeman, 2013). It was observed that the painters we re using illegal disposal paint that had the potentiality of polluting and harming the environment (Steeman, 2013). Ecan has requested the paint companies to use paints, which are relevant to the quality requirements of the Environmental Regulation Authority (Steeman, 2013). RELEVANCE: The paint companies have been requested to use environmentally friendly paints which can be discharged directly into the wastewater without hampering or blocking the city drainage system (Steeman, 2013). Ecan has also started a nationwide anti wash campaign to prevent the paint companies using illegal paints (Steeman, 2013). REFLECTION: As per the notice issued by Ecan, paint companies are requested to carry the trade license for purchase of containers of paints which are environment-friendly and come in between the range of $200- $ 4500. As per my opinion, there is a huge interrelationship between personal and organizational ethics. The alignment between the two goals is necessary for the productivit y of the organizations (Svensson and Wood, 2003). The employees failed to follow the ethical standards of the company. Article 3: ( Juliette Garside, 31 May 2013, Leaked: Europe probes Apple overexploitation of mobile networks, Source: The Guardian) DESCRIPTION: The European Commission is investigating whether Apple Inc has performed unfair means and methods to the mobile network companies that sell its phones. Although the management claims that it has complied with the local laws and regulations, the papers shown by the European commission reflect that the company has been using unfair means for yielding profitability. The European Commission is investigating the matter related to Apple Smartphones (Garside, 2013). RELEVANCE: Although the management of Apple claims that is has complied with the local laws and regulations to continue its business operations, European Commission has shown papers which depict the leaked allegations with the signature of the regulatory authorities. RE FLECTION: As per my opinion, Apple Inc tried to gain a competitive advantage or profitability through unfair means or methods, which is really offensive.  

What role has air-power played in warfare after 1945 Essay

What role has air-power played in warfare after 1945 - Essay Example However, in the event that the enemy proves stronger than anticipated, it uses airpower to carry out air offensives against the enemy. Airpower in this case refers to a military strategy that involves carrying out aerial bombardments from the air, which in most cases are done using fighter jets. Some of the wars that America has involved airpower include World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Serbian War and the Afghan War, just to name but a few. However, Corum (2007) claims that the use of airpower has been marred with controversy since 1945. In this regard, there are those that believe that airpower has helped in emerging victorious while there are critics who believe that airpower has been a failure in the U.S. warfare. The aim of this paper is to analyze the successes and failures of airpower based on case studies. Opinion is divided down the middle regarding the effectiveness of airpower in warfare. On one hand is a section of the society that believes that airpower has played a huge role in enhancing the success rates of the U.S. force in the wars it has fought in the past. On the other hand, are critics who feel that air power has not achieved any meaningful success in some of the wars that the U.S. has fought. The U.S. has fought, the U.S. military has been using airpower as a tactics of maintaining superiority by suppressing the enemy’s ability to fight. This was witnessed during the World War II in which the U.S. and its allies used airpower to gain superiority over their opponents (the German forces especially) through aerial bombardments. As a result, it became very hard for the German forces to mount strong resistance against the U.S. and its allies (Keegan 1990, p. 31). This enabled the allied forces win the war more easily than earlier anticipated. The events of WWII are one of the success stories of airpower in warfare. Apart from the success of Airpower in WWII, there exists other warfare where airpower has been successful. For instance, the use of airpower played a huge role in winning the Gulf War during Operation Desert Storm. The Desert Storm was a war against Iraq for its invasion of Kuwait. The war begun on August 2, 1990 and ended on February 28, 1991 with the U.S. and its allies emerging victorious. However, the success in winning this war has been linked mainly to the use of airpower. Momyer (2003, p. 5) reveals that the U.S. and its allies used airpower during the first days of intervention in the war to destroy Iraq’s air defense system, thereby allowing the allied forces to gain control of Iraq’s air before introducing the ground forces. The U.S. forces and its allied forces carried out massive bombardments from the air to gain control over Iraq’s airspace. In so doing, the allied forces also managed to capture all the Iraq government’s infrastructures before deploying the military to takel vantage positions. Momyer (2003) notes that the main aim of air attacks w as to pave way for the U.N. backed ground forces. In fact, reports show that after taking control of the air through aerial bombardments, the ground forces found it easy fighting the Iraqi forces as their major efforts was now devoted mainly to attacks against the communication lines that the Iraqi forces used. This was followed by assaults on the defense lines of the Iraq forces. In the end, the U.S. led forces emerged victorious in the war. Supporters of airpower have argued that without the use of airpower, the war would have taken the U.S. and allied forces more time to win than it actually took. This is because the Iraqi forces would have taken advantage of the air to attack the allied forces. Even though the airpower proved effective in winning the G

The Philippine Environmental Policy

The Philippine Environmental Policy Two of the most general environmental laws are: Presidential Decree No.1151 known as The Philippine Environmental Policy and Presidential Decree 1152 known as The Philippine Environmental Code. Both laws were made during the reign of the late president, Ferdinand Marcos. The Presidential Decree No. 1151 aims to preserve natural sceneries and natural resources without restricting technological and industrial growth of the Philippines. It stated in section one of this given Presidential Decree that the goal of this Policy is to create a community that can develop, and enhance its economy without jeopardizing or sacrificing stability of the natural environment. It is also stated in section two under the same Presidential Decree that the government and other private organization should encourage and promote preservation of historic and cultural aspects of the Filipino heritage. The healths of individuals living within the area of Philippines are also being considered in this Presidential Decree. It is the right of everyone to have a healthy environment; therefore, everyone is also responsible in preserving the countrys environment. In the Presidential Decree No. 1152 or known as The Philippine Environment Code are several sections that set standards, measures and proper management of the countrys natural resources, and other environmental aspects. Under Air Quality Management, Title one of this Presidential Decree are thirteen sections that focuses generally on air quality. Smoke emission can be arguably considered as the number one cause of air pollution and in section four under Air Quality Management, it is stated that there should be a national emission standards that shall be met by every industry and by every single person residing within the country. Noise pollution is also categorized to air pollution because sound waves travels through air; and still under Air Quality Management of the Philippine Environmental, sections four and five tackles the Community Noise Standards and Standards for Noise-Producing Equipment respectively. Both sections are requiring standards to minimize noise levels. There are s everal agencies responsible in enforcing these standards, and these are the National Pollution Control Commission, Land Transportation Commission and other government and non-government agencies concerned. Under this Presidential Decree is Title two which is the Water Quality Management, are the classification of Philippine Waters, where basic information about a certain body of water are taken into consideration for it to be classified; establishment of water quality standards, where the National Pollution Control Commission prescribes guidelines given by the National Environment Protection Council; upgrading of water quality, Clean up operations, and water quality monitoring and surveillance, where government agencies responsible shall monitor water quality in the country. Title three of this decree is the Land Use, the purpose of this title is encouraging conservation of land resources and to prevent imbalance in the environment. In section twenty three of this Presidential Decre e, the national land use scheme includes: scientific land inventory and classification, determination of land uses, adaptability of land, method of identification of areas and exercising control by government agencies over use of land, system of controls and regulations regarding the possible sources of pollution and a periodic revisions and updating of national land use scheme. As the demand for the quantity of a product or service gets higher in every industry, the demand for natural resources also goes up. The required raw materials by indutries are already causing damage to natural areas, and make the scarcity level for natural resources extremely high. The Natural Resources Management and Conservation under Presidential Decree 1152, aims to give the basic management and conservation of the Philippines natural resources. It is in this chapter that the government shall implement a system of preservation and conservation of wildlife resources and aquatic resources within the countrys area; where participation and contribution of citizens are highly encouraged. In addition, the conservation of forest resources is integrated to the system of exploitation, where the system includes regulating the selling of threatened forest resources. It is in this chapter that conservation of other natural resources like, energy sources, surface ground waters, and mineral r esources. It is in the same Presidential Decree where proper waste management is discussed. It is the Title Five or Waste management, and it aims to promote recovery, recycling and re-use of wastes to maintain the stability of the environment. In Section forty three of this Presidential Decree, waste management programs are discussed, these programs implies to all provinces, cities and municipalities. It is the responsibility of the Department of Local Government and Community Development to formulate and set guidelines for the proper waste management in their respective areas. All programs will include: an orderly system, provision that the program will not be a source of pollution of any kind and a provision for revisions to achieve effectively. Proper disposal area of these wastes is also tackled in the title, where the location shall follow the existing zoning land use standards and pollution control regulations. The significance of acquiring knowledge regarding the environmental laws of the Philippines prior to entering the industry is under rated by most of the students. As future members of the hospitality and tourism industry, it is very essential to learn and be equipped with the knowledge of these environmental laws, because natural resources are essential to any industry. Therefore, learning how to preserve and retain these natural resources is crucial to us students. The hospitality and tourism management students are highly affected by these laws to be aware of current environmental concerns, and be knowledgeable on the different rules and regulations that can be applied in the future whether as employees or employers. These laws are important as we plan to create and form our own businesses especially to our industry which greatly relies on the resources available in nature. For Travel and Tourism Management students, these laws are their guide lines in conducting tourism destinatio n plan development, wherein sites and destinations are analyzed and knowing the prohibitions and regulations for the certain area is very imperative. For Hotel, Resort and Restaurant Managements students, the importance of these laws is as important as it is to the Travel and Tourism Management students. These laws provide regulations as to how hotels, restaurant and other similar establishments could promote and apply rightful acts in nurturing the Philippinesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ natural resources. These laws also sets the standard on how the establishment operations would work without harming and creating imbalance in the environment, but rather retaining its value and even enhancing it. The hospitality and tourism nowadays may be referred as one industry and is currently considered as the worlds fastest growing industry. It is a collection of separate industries that can stand on their own but complements each other. It is subdivided into several industries like lodging, transportation, food, recreations and other industries concerned. Like any other industry in this country of Philippines, the hospitality and tourism industry has its fair share of responsibility in protecting and preserving the countrys natural resources; and taking part in the improvement of current environmental concerns while sustaining economic growth. The people in the industry can start their roles in the improvement of the countrys environmental issues by reading and being knowledgeable and educated about the current environmental laws of the Philippines. Transportation, one of the sub-industries under hospitality and tourism, can help in the issue of air pollution through being responsible with the smoke they emit during the business operations. Operators and drivers of public vehicles, and travel agency owned vehicles like tour buses and vans should always check and maintain proper conditioning of their vehicles to avoid excessive emission of smoke or smoke belching. They can also adapt to the current trend of using low fuel consuming vehicles, electric powered vehicles that dont emit smoke and other existing technologies that are dedicated to decrease or extinguish smoke emissions of vehicles. Airlines can also help the fight against air pollution through meeting the standards of the National Pollution Control Commission and Civil Aeronautics Administration regarding the harmful effects of aircraft emissions, sonic booms and noise pollution to the environment. Hoteliers, restaurant owners and other proprietors planning to build and start a business should comply with the rules and regulations of the Department of Environment, and Natural Resources if any tree will be cut upon the construction of the establishment. They should be responsible in planting more trees that would act as replacements for the trees that would be cut. Restaurants or any establishment that offers food should also be aware of what they serve to their guests. By not offering dishes or goods made of threatened or endangered species, they are already helping in protecting the wild life. Through offering and patronizing organic ingredients, food establishments can already protect the lands or soil of an area. This can eventually have an impact or can lessen the use of artificial fertilizers and pesticides that can greatly affect the fertility and health of the soil. Proper waste management should also be exercised by hospitality and tourism establishments. Through segregation of wastes or garbage can hugely and positively affect problem in wastes. Food establishments can also decrease the usage of disposable utensils, plates and replace those with reusable things necessary to the business operations. Recycling of garbages is also a good way of waste management. Establishments may use their garbages to create something useful to their operations. Patronizing products that have chemically altered compositions that makes them degradable like the technology used on plastic bags and other plastic products that causes these products decompose faster compared to the average decomposition time of ordinary plastic products. One of the trends nowadays in the tourism scene is the eco-tourism, this focuses on promoting ecological preservation while enjoying the beauty of nature. The emerging market of tourists who patronizes eco-tourism means the industry is using its influence and marketing strategy to promote tourism and preservation of natural resources at the same time. Through eco-tourism, natural resources are being preserved as well with the income generated by this trend.

Taxes on Cigarettes :: Essays Papers

Taxes on Cigarettes The article â€Å"Smoke Signals†, by the New York Times and the New Jersey Sunday edition, presented an overview of for the state of New Jersey’s recent decline in cigarettes bought in the last year. The article starts off by explaining to the reader how smokers took a financial beating at the cash register every time they went to a convenience store to buy cigarettes. In a smokers reduction movement the state of New Jersey doubled the sales tax on cigarettes forcing smokers to spend an extra forty cents on every pack they bought. Len Fishman, the state commissioner of Health and Senior services, stated that the tax increase was meant to drive down the consumption entirely. As Mr. Fishman traveled around the state he discovered that many people were already trying to quite smoking, they just never had the right physical motivation to pursue their goal. These people explained that the dramatic increase on tax was the finale straw that broke the camels back, and provided the right motivation for them to quite smoking. The tax increase put New Jersey behind only Hawaii and Alaska at $1 a pack, and Washington state at 82.5 cents a pack. Over a six month period the revenue collected from cigarette sales had dropped by 12 percent. For 1998 the revenue earned by cigarette sales should have been roughly 54.2 million cartons, but with the tax increase that number had been dropped to 47.4 million cartons. This gap represents a 6.8 million carton difference, an outstanding decrease in cigarette sales. To all smokers the tax increase means a substantial amount of money will be necessary to maintain their habits. Some smokers will go through great lengths to save as much money as possible, even if it means traveling to other states to buy their smokes. Both Pennsylvania and Delaware reported a significant increase in cigarette sales over the next six months after the tax took affect. Over a one year period Delaware even had a ten percent increase, manly due to the tax increase in New Jersey. The state of Massachusetts raised their tax 25 cents a pack in 1992 and reported a 12.5 percent decrease in sales the following year. Certainly a more alarming statistic is not necessarily how much the tax has decreased the sales of cigarettes, although very impressive and healthy, but rather the percent of under aged children and high school students who already smoke and who are beginning to smoke.

Hard times Coursework Essay

The comparison between employer and employee is stressed every time Bounderby meets Stephen Blackpool and the comparison can be clearly seen, as when Bounderby and Blackpool are at the table, Bounderby’s half is full of silver china and saucers, while Blackpool’s is empty, this shows the power balance between the two-i. e. all the power is in Bounderby’s hands, as is the wealth and the control. Blackpool’s word is rarely trusted by those in power over Bounderby’s and they are so very different in almost all respects, with Bounderby’s life taking its own cource with his allegiance with Gradgrind in Parliament, while Blackpool only has Rachel caring for him, as compared to the city he is another nobody down on his luck. The story also shows family bonds through difficult situations, with the major family scenario of the Gradgrind’s the son and daughter are raised by their father in a factual heartless way, even though he does not realise this, he does go on to realise his mistake, with the mother of the family disabled and unable to move around due to sickness, being manipulated by everyone who walks by, as she has no dominance over anything indeed, and her character suggests she agrees with her husband on the factual upbringing of their children, and also shows the strains the family goes through after Louisa marries Mr Bounderby, and Tom gets involved in the bank robbery, and the family has to somehow try to bounce back, but does not manage to succeed with only a neutral ending The other families mentioned are the bond of father and child in Cissy Jupes Tale, the Man and wife in Blackpool’s unhappy marriage, and the twist in the story with Mr Bounderby’s mother appearing and e xplaining his upbringing Language Dickens uses a variety of techniques in hard times, mostly descriptive; giving a chance of detail good enough to imagine it, but for everyone’s imagination to be different, repetition gets across the steely characters characteristics   For Louisa he uses a simple vocabulary, using childly words and simple phrases meant with good intention on her behalf, with no academical subtext or complicated phrases, showing that she’s a good and kind hearted person, but also slightly dim compared to the other main characters The language of Mr Gradgrind is always very well developed, and while the descriptions of him make us see a rigid robot like figure, he does speak intellectually throughout the story Mr Bounderby however is much more rigid in his language and expresses his thoughts using what’s a fact instead of what’s humane, and this always puts him in a negative light, he may have been ‘born upside down’ where he would have always had such views, and always acted on factual or instinct data to prove his point The language of tom and Louisa has two stages during the story, at first they talk in only facts, with little feeling or emotion in their words, but occasionally while in private they speak out freely, or as freely as they can, but in the presence of others they stick to their blank expressions and factual sentences During toms elder years he begins to talk more like his father, with a free stroke in his speech and has retained some independence while still being accepted by his father and friends Louisa in her elder years changes little to her younger equivalent and stays rigid and factual, showing a feeling of repressed anger inside her Mrs Gradgrind is a poorly woman and her language reflects that, being incomplete, with words missing from sentences and grammatical errors if not for which she would sound like Mr Gradgrind, but throughout her brief appearances she keeps her grumbling simple and unimportant The language used by Blitzer is the product of Mr’s Gradgrind and Bounderby’s teachings and shows the heartless product of their ideal. in the end they both regret their schooling of Blitzer and realise their wrong, but only too late for some The other controversial language used is that of Mr Sleary the Circus leader, who uses a range of bizarre phrases in between his sentences and makes his appearance misunderstood and diverse compared to the other characters’ Conclusion So in conclusion with my previous statements, as listed above, the novel Hard times has a monotone view of Victorian society With all characters at a set point being either extremely good or eminently bad, in character and in appearance, much of which suggests that the focus of the story is based solemnly on interaction between characters, and no room for backdrops has been spared from steel bins burning in the winter cold, glum industrial streets and houses varying from basic to lavish all showing the contrast between the rich striving to change society the poor striving to stay out of trouble, and those who strive to be rich

Domestic penetration Essays

Domestic penetration Essays Domestic penetration Essay Domestic penetration Essay The financial section will provide pre-formatted profit and loss statements showing the relevant income and cost headings with guidance on assumptions that will need to be made to put specific values. In addition, there will be associated spreadsheets for cash flow. There may also be a balance sheet with headings for the assets and liabilities (Martin, 2010). Another important thing to conduct is a feasibility analysis which would be beneficial for franchisors to successfully develop enough domestic penetration. An objective franchise feasibility analysis by a recognized expert will highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the underlying business model (Franchise Foundations, 2011). A franchise feasibility study will analyze, grade and prioritize the company on a variety of these and other factors. An objective franchise feasibility analysis will also document what steps, protective measures and documents need to precede the expansion effort (Franchise Foundations, 2011). Many of these can be done in-house by existing personnel with a little outside expertise. This will result in the most efficient use of time and resources. It will also produce the most professional and user-friendly results. After being successful domestically, expanding the business internationally is then achievable but there are important points to remember. Dealing directly with franchisees or by setting up a master franchise and giving that organization the rights to open outlets on its own are some ways how a franchisor may penetrate a foreign country. Sub-franchisees then pay royalties to the master franchisee then remit some to the franchisor. Master franchise system is pertinent for companies who have no confidence towards evaluating franchisees and when it would be expensive to oversee and directly control franchisees’ operations (Daniels et al. , 2007). To ensure success in international markets, franchisors must improve their understanding of the diverse cultural forces at work around the world. Sometimes, a concept will not fit a foreign cultural style at all. For example, a well known American bagel franchisor sold its rights to development in Lima, Peru, without realizing that Peruvians did not eat breakfast (Bardley, 2005). Adaptation to local cultural norms will often be necessary. An American restaurant franchisor allowed its Egyptian franchisees to develop special food products for the menu during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan. In Saudi Arabia and Qatar, where local customs requires the seclusion of women in public places, this franchisor had to alter their restaurants to include family areas that women could visit (Chan, 1994). Hence it is important to know the factors of culture of a target market. Problems and conflict can occur in any commercial relationship, and franchising is no different. Thus, fundamental to the smooth running of a franchise business relationship is a business model that is profitable for both the franchisor and the franchisee. If this is a one-way street, franchise problems will be inevitable. There are still cases when a franchisor and a franchisee end up seeing each other in courts despite the fact that they have already built enough trust and rapport. Thus, after normal dispute resolution procedure that will at first attempt resolution informally, a formal written notice then will be made which will generally include the nature of the dispute, and desired outcome to resolve the dispute, and a timeframe for this to occur. In Australia, under the Franchising Code of Conduct, serious disputes that cannot be resolved between the franchise parties themselves should be referred to mediation (Asia-Pacific Centre for Franchising Excellence, 2011). But to further avoid a thing like this to happen, Berman and Evans (2006) relate that operating arrangements should take into account individual circumstances. Therefore, more franchisors will adopt, or at least experiment with restructured franchise agreements. This restructuring will affect both the terms of purchasing a franchise and the ongoing franchisor-franchisee relationship. As what Bank of America’s Small Business Advisory Service said, â€Å"The extra things that the franchisor agrees to do can be one of the best aspects of a good franchise relationship† (Kursh, 1969, p. 34). Conclusion As a rapidly growing opportunity of growing a business domestically and internationally, business franchising presents its own unique set of problems that need to be anticipated, addressed and should immediately be solved. Through intensive research from various references such as books, magazines, journals and the internet, the researchers identified the most common problems faced by both the franchisor and franchisee and these are: an entrepreneur may become a victim of fraudulent franchises; difficulties when setting up a franchise especially when franchisors do not provide essential assistance to the franchisees; franchisors’ not developing enough domestic penetration first is one problem why many franchises fail abroad; and tensions existing between a large number of franchisors and their franchises can lead to disagreements, conflicts, and even litigation. Detecting problems like these is always the first step required to successful solution. Many franchisors fail here – they are either unable to detect the real cause for the problem or don’t address it in an appropriate way. With the purpose of this paper to present various ways on how to solve these problems especially in a professional manner, the researchers emphasized the following solutions: acquiring all legal documents and conducting careful investigations and survey of existing franchise operators and customers; keeping a strong, effective program of managerial control in a franchise system; preparing a business plan and feasibility analysis to succeed domestically and internationally; having an improved understanding of the diverse cultural forces at work around the world to ensure success in international markets; building rapport between the franchisor and the franchisee the moment they meet for the first time in order to build trust; and in cases when conflicts between a franchisor and franchisee cannot be solved informally, a formal written notice then will be made which will generally include the nature of the dispute, and desired outcome to resolve the dispute, and a timeframe for this to occur. There are much more potential problems a franchisor and a franchisee could face. Rather than seeking readymade solutions, franchisors should learn how to prevent problems from occurring and how to tackle the issue in the best possible way. The strongest weapons in battling problems are the ability to detect problems early on, to teach the team to take action as soon as the problem arise, help all franchisee unit to perform as best as they can. Therefore, being proactive rather than being reactive can greatly help an entrepreneur; he has to do the reacting ahead of time by anticipating what the future will be, and to react accordingly before it actually happens. But in cases of unexpected problems that already caused much problem to a business, it is important to remember not to jump to any conclusions before reaching the root of the problem.

The 55 Biggest Colleges in the United States

The 55 Biggest Colleges in the United States SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You might be interested in attending a big college, but just how big are you thinking? Some schools have over 40,000 undergraduates, making them the size of a small city. These schools can provide great opportunities to students, but they can also be a little overwhelming. In this article, I’ll give you a list of the 55 biggest colleges for undergraduates in the US along with student feedback about what it’s really like to be part of such a large college community. Why Are These Colleges So Big? Most of the biggest colleges are public state universities. It makes sense that these schools attract the most students because they provide incentives for students who live in the state to attend. The largest schools are located in the most populous states. Thus, California, Texas, and Florida (the three most populous states in the US) are home to many of the schools on this list. These schools are also large because they are meccas for academic research and offer a wide variety of programs to students. Being located in populous states means that these universities must cater to diverse groups of people, leading to the creation of more academic options and research facilities that encourage even more students to enroll. It’s essentially a cycle of increasing returns for the schools. Public universities also have the resources to grow their campuses and facilities through government support. There are some very large private colleges, but it’s difficult for them to rival the size of government-funded public universities. Other circumstances have contributed to the growth of big private colleges, from wealthy alumni to religious connections. For example, Brigham Young University- the private college with the largest undergraduate population- has grown so large mainly due to its affiliation with the (rapidly expanding) Mormon Church. What’s It Like at a Huge College? Here are some testimonials from students about what it’s like to attend three of the largest colleges in the country. Texas AM University â€Å"I don't regret one moment, because I loved the overall camaraderie of the school- they don't call it the friendliest campus in America without reason!† â€Å"I am a theatre major at Texas AM, a program most people are unaware even exists. It is tough being in a small department in a large school, but simply due to the Aggie Network and facilities present for all students, even those of us in small departments are learning as much as we possibly can.† â€Å"Students have access to different student services, like a writing center that will help with papers and research, a testing center that will help you to study better and make learning easier, an on-campus health center, and even small things that make huge differences like 300 free prints a semester in the computer center and access to free programs at the recreation center.† â€Å"Texas AM is an excellent university for those students who love or don't mind traditions.† The administration building at Texas AM Purdue University â€Å"I really enjoy the classes I am taking, and the social life is awesome! There is definitely something for everyone. Whether you are wanting to get involved in Greek life or maybe just a few clubs, it all is available at Purdue. Being able to attend Big Ten sporting events isn't so bad either.† â€Å"Purdue has something to offer for everyone, no matter where they come from, what their major is, or what their interests are. It is a well-rounded university, full of students who are proud to study there.† â€Å"I used to think I wanted to go to a small school, but at Purdue, you get both the big-school and small-school experience. Attention in classes (sometimes you have to seek it out, but it's there), but huge atmosphere where the possibilities are endless.† A fountain on Purdue's campus UCLA â€Å"It will be entirely up to you to do homework problems and to go to office hours for questions and insight. Self-motivation, especially in science and math courses, is a key factor to success here.† â€Å"At UCLA, the world awaits. Shy and overly reserved people will miss out on all that the school has to offer.† â€Å"At this university, I am receiving the total package: academics, research, and world-renowned athletic programs. I can honestly say that the balanced undergraduate experience I am obtaining is worth every penny.† â€Å"With hundreds of student organizations available every year, UCLA makes it easy to find one’s niche.† â€Å"The diversity here is truly astounding, with people from all types of backgrounds, and you truly gain a more global perspective.† The UCLA campus At these schools, you can expect virtually endless resources, diversity, and extracurricular activities, but you have to be willing to get yourself out there and be self-motivated. If you’re a driven, outgoing student, you’re likely to thrive at a huge college. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. The Biggest Colleges (Public and Private) I’ve included two lists: one for the biggest public colleges, and one for the biggest private colleges. The public colleges below have more than 25,000 undergraduates, and the private colleges have more than 15,000 undergraduates. I did not include colleges where a large portion of the student body is composed of online students because this doesn’t create the same environment as a school that has a huge on-campus population. All schools below are arranged by undergraduate enrollment, from largest to smallest. In addition, all enrollment statistics are for fall 2018 unless otherwise noted. Biggest Public Colleges in the US by On-Campus Undergraduate Enrollment College Undergraduate Enrollment University of Central Florida 58,913 Texas AM University - College Station 53,743 The Ohio State University - Columbus 46,820 Arizona State University - Tempe 42,844 UT Austin 40,804 Penn State University - University Park 40,363 Michigan State University 39,423 Utah Valley University 39,397 Florida International University 37,047* Rutgers University - New Brunswick 36,039 University of Florida 35,491 University of Arizona 35,223 California State University - Northridge 34,900 California State University - Fullerton 34,468 Texas State University 34,200 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 33,673 University of Alabama 33,028 Indiana University - Bloomington 32,991 Purdue University 32,672 Kennesaw State University 32,274 University of South Florida - Tampa 32,238 University of Washington - Seattle 32,099 Texas Tech University 31,957 UCLA 31,577 University of Minnesota - Twin Cities 31,455 California State University - Long Beach 31,447 University of North Texas 31,347 University of California - Berkeley 30,853 University of Maryland - College Park 30,762 University of California - Davis 30,718 San Diego State University 30,392 University of Wisconsin - Madison 30,360 University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 30,318 University of Colorado Boulder 30,152 University of California - Irvine 29,736 Temple University 29,672 Iowa State University 29,621 University of Georgia 29,611 Florida State University - Tallahassee 28,728 University of Texas at Arlington 28,329 California State University - Sacramento 28,317 University of Texas at San Antonio 27,988 Weber State University 27,465 San Josà © State University 27,271 Georgia State University 27,190 Northern Arizona University 27,078 University of Cincinnati 26,932 University of South Carolina 26,733 San Francisco State University 26,436 George Mason University 26,192 *Fall 2019 data Biggest Private Colleges in the US by On-Campus Undergraduate Enrollment College Undergraduate Enrollment Brigham Young University 31,441 New York University 29,406 University of Southern California 19,907 Boston University 18,515 Northeastern University 18,448 More Resources for Researching Big Colleges If you know you're interested in attending a big school but aren't sure which one is right for you or are worried about how different it will be from high school, consider checking out the following books: Princeton Review's The Complete Book of Colleges and the Fiske Guide to Colleges - These huge, comprehensive tomes include information about hundreds of colleges across the US, so you can easily compare and contrast your options. Where You Go Is Not Who You'll Be: An Antidote to the College Admissions Mania by Frank Bruni - If you're stressed about finding the perfect school, check out this argument for being a bit more relaxed when planning your future. The System: The Glory and Scandal of Big-Time College Football by Jeff Benedict and Armen Keteyian - If you're interested in a college with a big sports program, this deep dive into the scandals of college sports is essential reading. Educated by Tara Westover - This memoir describes the author's journey from her isolated, abusive childhood to college at Brigham Young University and graduate school at Cambridge. Fangirl by Rainbow Rowell - This popular novel recounts Cath's difficulties adjusting to college life in her first year at University of Nebraska. What's Next? Is a big college the right choice for you? Read my article on deciding whether big or small schools will work better for your goals and personality. Worried about increasingly higher tuition price tags? Find out how much it really costs to attend college. Another decision you'll have to make before you apply to college is how far away you want to go. Check out this article on whether you should attend college close to home. These recommendations are based solely on our knowledge and experience. If you purchase an item through one of our links, PrepScholar may receive a commission. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 23

Case Study Example As is quiet evident from the given case study, before Michelle Rhee took over, either there were no mechanisms in place to measure and evaluate teacher performance or even if they existed, they were skewed in favor of the non performing teachers. Consequently, though 95 percent of the Washington, D.C. School System teachers were evaluated to be excellent, the fact was that the student test scores in the area happened to be one of the lowest in the nation. Besides, no teacher was ever fired for non-performance or lack of credentials. In that sense the achievement of Rhee lies in her initiative to link teacher performance to the on the ground results. The crux of any motivation theory is to link employee performance to output and to put the mechanisms in place, which are aimed at motivating the employees. The central assumption of the equity theory is that employee’s tend to expect a fair and just compensation for the contribution made by them (Caruth & Handlogten 43). Being true to this assumption, the teacher evaluation system contrived by Rhee happened to be just in its intent and spirit. The just credentials of the evaluation system are corroborated by the fact that it was contrived in the light of the compensation agreement agreed upon by the Washington Teachers Union (WTU). So there exists no excuse to consider the teacher evaluation system contrived by Rhee to be unjust, especially because it was initiated after accruing the consent of the associated teachers’ body. Besides, the intent of this evaluation program intended to evaluate the teacher performance and reward the performing teachers and penalize the non performing teachers. Which, arrangement could have been more equitable than this. The equity theory also states that not only the individuals are concerned about their own rewards and what the other colleagues get in comparison; they also expect a fair reward for their performance (Caruth & Handlogten

Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio The Calling of Saint Mathew Research Paper

Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio The Calling of Saint Mathew - Research Paper Example It is understood that a painting is incomplete without knowledge of its background. Further, interpretations of a painting vary between people and with time and it is the contradictory interpretations in paintings that makes the painting interesting and often lend an element of mystery towards it. The painting discussed in this paper is also not without its special context and interpretations. Discussion The painting, The Calling of Saint Mathews is a masterpiece that was commissioned by the church to be hanged within the Contraelli Chapel located inside the Church of San Luigi Dei Francesi. The chapel was meant to be an ode for Saint Mathews and for this Caravaggio was selected when the first choice of the church, Cavalier D’Arpino became busy with the royal patronage. This was probably the biggest church commission that Caravaggio got at that time. Therefore, he put all this time and energy into the creation of this masterpiece along with two others painting, the Martyrdom o f Saint Matthews and The Inspiration of Saint Mathews. The painting till date hangs with other paintings depicting important moments in the life of Saint Mathews. The painting was completed in 1600. We have to understand that this was a time when the church was in power. It had the money to fund biblical paintings. The Calling of Saint Mathews is a painting representing an important biblical sense. The painting takes reference from Luke 5:27-28, which reads: ‘And after that He went out and noticed a tax collector named Levi sitting in the tax booth, and He said to him, ‘Follow me’. And he left everything behind, and got up and began to follow him’ (Benner, 124) The painting, quite like many produced in the same era, is full of religious symbols. The painting, primarily, symbolizes the difference between Christ and Matthews. In this respect, the picture can be divided into two parts: one part showing Christ and Peter while the other depicting Mathews and his companies. Both these parts are in stark contrast with each other. Christ and Peter represent spirituality. They do so through their simple clothing and the fact they do not wear any shoes. The absence of footwear reflects on the fact that these men are down to earth without any love for material objects. Mathews and his companions reflect the worldly life. This is apparent in the way they dress: fashionably in the attire that was trend during the time period when the painting was created. Also the presence of the coins and the preoccupation of some companions with the coins reflect on the worldly life enjoyed by Mathews and his companies (Benner, 129). Another symbol apparent in the painting is the way the painting has been divided into two parts. Here Caravaggio uses his typical style of chiaroscuro where he paints a stark contrast of light and dark in the painting (Cunningham and Reich, 360). Between Christ and Mathews, Caravaggio has painted a dark area and the hand of Christ e xtending towards the dark spot. The light in the picture comes from the side where Christ is standing. This play of light seems to be intentional on the part of the painter as he depicts Christ as a beacon of hope and light for Mathews while taking him away from a life of materialistic love and wastage. Also the dark spot between the two important figures symbolizes the fact that before Christ, people were left in darkness with no way to reach

Does globalisation explain the crisis in European Welfare states Essay

Does globalisation explain the crisis in European Welfare states - Essay Example There is nothing much in common between the welfare regimes of major nations in the Western Europe as they function under varieties of capitalism. Of course, globalisation has certain effects on the welfare states in Europe, especially Britain and France. The increasingly intense economic competition from the new economic giants such as India and China has undermined the capabilities of the European states in retaining their economically less viable welfare measures. However, the extent of spending cuts and reduction in welfare provisions in the United Kingdom and France shows that it is the erosion of political consensus than economic necessities driving the current ‘rolling back of the welfare state’. The paper intends to argue that although globalisation has catalysed the process of shrinking of welfare state, it is not an adequate explanation for the grand scale reduction in spending on social security. For the purpose, it would examine the major turning points in th e history welfare state in Europe such as the oil crisis, the abandoning of gold standard, erosion of post war consensus on welfare and so on. Spending Cuts Going Ideological Globalisation is not simply about economic changes. The very beginning of globalisation was marked by the collapse of Soviet Union and the consequent rise of neoliberal orthodoxy and market fundamentalism. More than the economic crisis, it is the collapse of an ideologically coherent leftist politics that helps the neoliberal governments to go on with their anti-people politics of cuts. It is especially true in the case of Britain and France as the economic polices of these countries increasingly subsidise the super rich at the expense of ordinary tax payers. One could bear in mind that how eagerly the government in Britain bailed out big banks at the time of recession. It is ironical the same governments do not find funds for conserving vital community services such as schools and hospitals. In France and Brit ain, it is not difficult to see that economic polices are predominantly favouring the finance capital and speculators. The increasing homogenisation of political parties in terms of economic polices too is a reason for the rolling back of welfare regimes. For instance, in Britain, both the Labour party and the Conservative party prefer the same course correction measure to ‘recover’ the economy. Needless to say, such economic policies are derived from neoliberalism and Washington Consensus which ideologically opposes any kind of subsides to the poor and the weaker sections of the society. Globalisation has helped the transnational consolidation of elites who want to divert the economic resources for the welfare of the rich. Once could call it socialism for the rich and capitalism for the poor. This consolidation is especially facilitated by the rise of far right groups in the United States, Britain and France. The Floating Currencies The invention of floating currencies was the beginning of the making economic globalisation. On August 15, 1971, the United States withdraw from the Bretton Woods system and it marked the end of Gold Exchange Standard. Here, the US dollar achieved the status of the exchange standard and became a floating currency. Britain also had to switch to floating system. Then, most of the countries of the West had followed the same. The difference is that in the new system each currency has to constantly fix

Kingstons Women Warrior Gives Voices and Identities to Chinese and Chinese American Women Essay Example for Free

Kingstons Women Warrior Gives Voices and Identities to Chinese and Chinese American Women Essay Growing up with a family of five sisters and myself as first generation Korean Americans, The Women Warrior focuses on the author’s life were she struggles to find her voice. Maxine Hong Kingston’s writing of this book is an example of how ancient talk stories, myths, and beliefs help one find her voice in America. The Women Warrior takes us on an adventure through five main female characters and five chapters that helps us understand how she finds her voice in America. The five chapters integrate Kingston’s experiences through the five women brought to life throughout the book. The references in the book refer to Kingston’s emotional struggle while showing the reader the benefit of finding ones personal voice in America. The book shows how the five women in this book along with the talk stories help in the search for individual identities. Through Kingston’s writing of this book the chapters help show how she manages to give her aunt an identity, Chinese women an identity, her mother a voice, and finds her own identity and voice in America. If women do not have voices in traditional Chinese culture, then the talk stories that mothers pass on to there daughters may be considered subversive tales and instructions for their daughters. In the first chapter of The Women Warrior, Kingston’s mother Brave Orchid tells the story of her sister and the relevance of the no name women. This talk story was told by Kingston’s mother in order to teach her daughter of proper women behavior. The fact that the story starts with her mother saying not to repeat the story makes this book a way of bringing Kinston’s aunt to life. The story was based back in the village in China where it is believed that she brought disgrace to her whole family by having an illegitimate child. â€Å"You must not tell anyone, my mother said, what I am about to tell you† (Kingston 3). This is how the book starts and the story of Kingston’s mother’s sister who killed herself with her newborn daughter. The no name women had become pregnant while her husband was off to war. The thought of what China was like painted a confusing picture for Kingston. She knew that the village that her aunt had killed herself by throwing her and her daughter in the village water well shows very little error for family values. It is here were the reader can come to know that the struggle of her aunt is the struggle she herself is going through while trying to make sense of all the tradition of China while living in America. The point of Brave Orchid to tell Kingston the story of her husband’s sister is to warn her to be careful and cautious. â€Å"Now that you started to menstruate, what happened to her could happen to you. Do not humiliate us. You wouldn’t like to be forgotten as if you had never been born† (Kingston 5). The story truly begins through this talk tale. Kingston is not allowed to mention the story of her aunt she has to create her own fantasies to complete the story. Kingston feels that the story makes more sense to her as if her aunt was rapped by a villager that ordered her to be with him. She also feels that her aunt may have stepped out of the normal social order and her sexual passion could have been incest and the whole town turned there backs and even her own family turned there backs. The birth took place in a pigsty and since the aunt already knew her fate she walked her daughter to the well and they drowned themselves. The whole idea that it was a daughter or a girl makes the story more interesting because the customs in China may have already named the girl useless and immoral. This chapter is often one of the more frequent anthologized sections of the book. The talk story of her aunt opens the door for more stories to follow. The place of women in Chinese society comes to question while the thought of Kingston’s place in America comes to question as well. Her reference to the village society of her aunt was vital to eliminate sexual attraction. This came true to Kingston herself who would try not to make herself to attractive to boys. The chapter is mainly a talk story told by her mother and the rest is the writing of Kingston. The first chapter makes the reader wonder if the stories are fiction or nonfiction. The tales from Brave Orchid seem to trouble Kingston from what is real and what is fantasy. You can see the struggle of where Kingston and her aunt seem to be voiceless throughout their lives. The fact that the no name women never told anyone who the husband was shows that she was protecting him with silence. By writing about her aunt Kingston gives her a voice. â€Å"The real punishment was not the raid swiftly inflicted by the villagers, but the family deliberately forgetting her† (Kingston 16). Although Kingston never finds out her aunts name, the symbolic act of naming her the No Name Women honors her memory. The second chapter White Tigers is based on another talk story about a female warrior Fa Mu Lan. The fact that the story is told in the first person gives Kingston her ability to become a warrior. This chapter develops some background for Kingston and her voice is heard through the story of the Fa Mu Lan. The warrior in the story starts her training at the age of seven and since it is written in the first person we can picture the warrior to be Kingston herself. In the fantasy Kingston follows a bird up into the mountains until she comes to the hut of an old couple who want to train her to become a great warrior. As part of her training she spends years on the mountain, fasting for days and eating only roots and vegetables while drinking snow water. At her hungriest moment she was sitting by the fire and a rabbit sacrifices itself for her to eat. â€Å"The rabbit seemed alert enough, however, looking at me so acutely, bounding up to the fire. But it did not stop when it got to the edge. It turned its face towards me, then jumped in the fire† (Kingston 26). Her starvation in the mountains causes her to hallucinate. â€Å"I saw two people made of gold dancing the earth’s dances† (Kingston 27). She eventually returns at the age of fourteen and her mentors teach her to fight. She is able to see images of her family in a gourd of water and she can see her family preparing her wedding to a childhood friend. She saw her husband and brother taken away and she wanted to help so badly but the training was not over. She was to wait until she became twenty two. When she is ready to leave the mountain she has learned how to us her magical sky sword and is given powerful beads by the old couple. Kingston returns home and her parents in preparation for battle tattoo a list of grievances all over her back to symbolize revenge. In men’s armor she rides her white horse and prepares to lead an army. This is probably the most exciting chapter in the book. We can see that Kingston is retelling the story as if she was the great Fa Mu Lan. This chapter follows a Chinese myth that the women would fight in place of their father. â€Å"We are going to carve revenge on your back, my father said. We will write out oaths and names† (Kingston 34). The tattoo that was actually carved in a man’s back is carved into Kingston’s back. She is pretending to be a man and becomes a great warrior at the head of a huge army. She defeats and wins over the army of a giant. Her husband then joins her and soon she is carrying a newborn baby under her armor. She eventually leads the entire population of China to overthrow the corrupt emperor and put a peasant in his place. In the fantasy Kinston takes on the role of a powerful man warrior and yet is also a female avenger. She has the ability to create life and to take life. These dual powers let her maintain both her sense of womanhood and duties of a wife. When she is a warrior she would wear her hair up and reveal the tattoos and when it was time to be a wife she lets down her hair to cover the tattoos. He wept when he took of my shirt and saw the scar words on my back. He loosened my hair and covered the words with it† (Kingston 39). When in battle her husband joins her and after birth to the newborn the husband leaves to care for the child. This sign of role reversal gives more meaning to Kinston’s life. She is able to transcend the rigid customs and traditions in this chapter. At the end of the chapter the reader can see that the customs of women constrict her in America as well. â€Å"Did you know the restaurant you chose for the banquet is being picketed by CORE and the NAACP? Of course I knew that is why I chose it. I refuse to type these invitations, I whispered, voice unreliable. He leaned back in his chair, his bossy stomach opulent. He picked up a calendar and slowly circled a date. You will be paid till here and we will mail you a check† (Kingston 49). We can see her trying to stand up to her boss in America and he simply fires her. In reality the only powers Kingston has is through her writing. It is in her writing that her aunt and her voice are heard. The end of the chapter states the real powers of Fa Mu Lan. The sky sword created by Kingston is as powerful as she wants just like her words. They can only have as much power as she can give them. The fact that the women with bound feet created an army in her writing gives them much deserved credit for all that they have endured The point of this chapter is through writing Kingston found a way to give voice to all Chinese women. She has found a way to poke holes through old stereotypes and thus through her writing she can change customs and give women a more important role in society. Although chapter two was the most adventurous it is in the third chapter that the reader can actually see that Kingston gives her other a voice and even finds out more about her own self. Shaman focuses on Kingston’s mother, Brave orchid and her childhood in China. The chapter traces her life in China after her husband was in America. Kingston is able to bring the talk stories of her mother and along with other storytellers Kingston writes of her mothers accomplishments becoming a doctor. The chapter brings her mother to life. In America she has no voice and in China she was a remarkable doctor. It was at the To Keung School of Midwifery were Brave Orchid truly excelled as one of the top students. â€Å"It rolled over her and landed bodily on her chest. There it sat. It breathed airlessly pressing her, sapping her. Oh no a sitting ghost, she thought† (Kinston 69). It was here when she defeated the ghost at her school and impressed the other students. It was as if she could perform magic. When Brave Orchid returns back to her village she had the ability to heal the sick and defeat the ghosts. Kingston feels that her mother’s power comes from her being able to eat any beast. She remembers one talk story that Chinese people ate the brains out of the head of a monkey. One day Kingston and her mother went to purchase a slave. I am a doctor, she told her new slave, when they were out of the dealer’s hearing† (Kingston 81). It is here that Kingston feels some uncertainty towards her mothers talk stories. Her mother recalls spending two hundred dollars for Kingston when she was born. Kingston remembers her mother commenting on the fact that they gave away girls that were infants. Here Kingston is torn with the fact that she cost her mother money and that being a girl was almost a burden on her family. The struggle with honoring her mother’s powers and with identifying herself is clear in this chapter. The fact that Kingston comments on her being a girl and being useless is what she truly struggles with. Many families in China look down at baby girls and it isn’t until Kingston writes about her mother and herself to give them an identity. The second part of the chapter takes place in America where Brave Orchid a once powerful doctor has no voice in America. She couldn’t speak English so the simple language barrier silenced her. The way to get Kingston to understand her mother was through the talk stories and ghosts Brave Orchid made up. But America has been full of machines and ghosts, Taxi ghosts, Bus ghosts, Police ghosts, Fire ghosts, Meter reader ghosts, Tree trimming ghosts, Five and dime ghosts† (Kingston 97). The surroundings of America contained many ghosts but the reader can sense that Kingston is happier that she is in America. The chapter ends on the present day during a visit by Kingston. Brave Orchid complains about how hard they work in the laundry and tomato field businesses. Her mother claims that even the time goes faster in America. Brave Orchid never stopped calling China home. She seems to understand little of the political situation in China. She has finally told Kingston that they would never return to China. The chapter is best summed up as the ghost chapter. The new ghosts in America along with the ghosts from China can be terrifying. The deformed baby that was kicked out to die in the outhouse would haunt Kingston. The chapter of Shaman is the chapter that depicts the conflicts of Brave Orchid’s life and the mother daughter relationship she has with Kingston. The reader can see how frustrating Kingston is as she tries to find her identity in America. If there were no talk stories of her mother’s life in China then Brave Orchid could have never had her own identity. Brave Orchids life in America is completely opposite and in America she struggles with her own identity because she only speaks Chinese. The next chapter At the Western Palace is where Brave Orchids sister Moon Orchid comes to America. It is through these women that Kingston can identify with herself. Brave Orchid sends for her sister and she makes the trip to America from Hong Kong. â€Å"Brave Orchid momentarily saw, like a larger, younger outline around this old woman, the sister she had been waiting for† (Kingston 117). The two women kept describing how old each one looked. The fact that Brave Orchid sent for her sister to come to America raised question as to why her husband, who lived in America, never sent for her. It is here that I noticed that Moon Orchid was a lady with no identity in America. Brave Orchid insisted that Moon Orchid should go demand her life as a wife to her husband. â€Å"Moon Orchids eyes got big like a child’s. I shouldn’t be here, she said† (Kingston 124). This was Moon Orchids reaction to her sister’s rambling about her reclaiming her husband. Moon Orchid got money from her husband. He sent her money and she never worked a day in her life. She tries to tell Brave Orchid she was not abandoned and that he sent money for all the food and servants one could need. He even sent their daughter to college. Brave Orchid pressured her sister till finally one day they went to Los Angeles to confront her husband. Brave Orchid tells her sister to demand her place as the first wife but Moon Orchid wants no part in it. They came up with a plan after Brave Orchid saw his doctor office. They would send Brave Orchid’s son to the office and make the doctor come out thinking their was an accident. The plan did bring him out but it failed in Brave Orchids mind. He mentioned his new wife did not know of the first marriage and that he wanted no part in her life, but he would continue to send money to his daughter in care for Moon Orchid. The doctor embarrassed Moon by calling them grandmothers. This made Brave Orchid and Moon Orchid ghosts and the comic and tragic story of Moon Orchid takes form. The daughter takes Moon Orchid in after brave Orchid realized she was useless in helping her. She could barely fold towels and she got to hot to work. Her inabilities to perform the easiest tasks became annoying. Like many women in China they would marry the men just before they left for â€Å"the Golden Mountain† America. The fact that Moon Orchid comes to America and is useless to Brave Orchid and her husband wants nothing to do with her raises more speculation to her identity. The women in this story seem to have to find their own place and are voiceless. Like in previous chapters Moon Orchid comes to life through Kinston’s writing. In this chapter Kingston is hardly present. This is the first appearance in the book of her siblings and her father. Brave Orchid is embarrassed that her children are unaware of respecting or understanding Chinese culture. The fact that Brave Orchid and Moon Orchid become ghosts while confronting her husband takes a lot out of Moon Orchid. She slowly begins to deteriorate and Brave Orchid tries to comfort her but she ends up sending her to away to a home. The stories in this chapter are an important reminder to Kingston and her feelings for her mother. The fact that these women both had great lives in China can show the reader that in America the women were of no use and in America they struggled to find their identity. It s in the final chapter A song for a Barbarian Reed Pipe, Kingston finally begins to focus on her own life. We can see Kingston in some of her most important turning points in her life. She is insecure, quiet and an alienated young girl. Kinston has begun to see the world logically and as a more mature person. She embraces her roots and her past and finds strength in her writing. Kingston and other Chinese Americans are constantly told not to tell anyone outside the community about their lives. This makes finding ones identity harder. It is very important that Kingston does not spare herself in the final chapter. Here the quiet girl even has two long rants showing her words were often bottled up. Her ability to write made her more mature and gave her a clear perspective of her place in society. In America silence is a trait of Americans and Kinston finds herself as quiet and American-feminine. â€Å"So I had to stop, relieved in some ways. I shut my mouth, but I felt something alive tearing at my throat, bite by bite, from the inside† (Kingston 200). This is when you can see that Kinston remaining quite only kept things bottled up inside. The story ends with another talk story about the Ts’ai Yen who had to translate the songs of the Barbarians back to the people. It is here that the reader can sense that Kinston has found a way to communicate from her writing to her readers. Kinston’s identity seems to be in between American and Chinese American culture. The culture of both worlds has come to life throughout this book and it is in this chapter that Kingston realizes that she can give anything identity through her writing. Kingston’s ability to find herself in both cultures reveals her true identity. It is through her mother’s talk stories and through the other women in this book that helps her find her own identity. Kinston also gives identity to her No Name Aunt as well as Moon Orchid, and her mother. This novel focuses on the stories of these women and there struggles to find their voices. After realizing her place in society Kinston gave herself and all the other women in this book a voice and an identity. The women who have no identity and the struggle of a Chinese American women makes this book reveal everyone’s place and identity. Through her writing, talking about her past becomes the cure for silence and the cure to achieve an individual voice as a Chinese American Women.